Topology
 |
| OSPF Topology |
R1 (config) #int
fa0/0
R1 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.101.1 255.255.255.0
R1 (config-if) #no
shut
R1 (config) #int
s0/0
R1 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1 (config-if) #no shut
R2 (config) #int
fa0/0
R2 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.102.1 255.255.255.0
R2 (config-if) #no
shut
R2 (config) #int
s0/0
R2 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2 (config-if) #no
shut
R2 (config) #int
s0/1
R2 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2 (config-if) #no shut
R3 (config) #int
f0/0
R3 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.103.1 255.255.255.0
R3 (config-if) #no
shut
R3 (config) #int
s0/0
R3 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
R3 (config-if) #no
shut
R3 (config) #int
s0/1
R3 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3 (config-if) #no
shut
R3 (config) #int
s0/2
R3 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0
R3 (config-if) #no
shut
R3 (config) #int
s0/3
R3 (config-if) #ip
add 101.1.1.100 255.255.255.0
R3 (config-if) #no shut
R4 (config) #int
fa0/0
R4 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.104.1 255.255.255.0
R4 (config-if) #no
shut
R4 (config) #int
s0/0
R4 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0
R4 (config-if) #no
shut
R4 (config) #int
s0/1
R4 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
R4 (config-if) #no shut
R5 (config) #int
f0/0
R5 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.105.1 255.255.255.0
R5 (config-if) #no
shut
R5 (config) #int
s0/0
R5 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
R5 (config-if) #no
shut
R5 (config) #int
s0/1
R5 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
R5 (config-if) #no shut
R6 (config) #int
f0/0
R6 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.106.1 255.255.255.0
R6 (config-if) #no
shut
R6 (config) #int
s0/0
R6 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.5.2 255.255.255.0
R6 (config-if) #no
shut
R6 (config) #int loo
1
R6 (config-if) #ip
add 172.60.1.1 255.255.255.0
R6 (config) #int loo
2
R6 (config-if) #ip
add 172.60.2.1 255.255.255.0
R6 (config) #int loo
3
R6 (config-if) #ip
add 172.60.3.1 255.255.255.0
R6 (config) #int loo
4
R6 (config-if) #ip
add 172.60.4.1 255.255.255.0
R6 (config) #int loo
5
R6 (config-if) #ip add 172.60.5.1
255.255.255.0
R7 (config) #int
fa0/0
R7 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.107.1 255.255.255.0
R7 (config-if) #no
shut
R7 (config) #int
s0/0
R7 (config-if) #ip
add 192.168.6.2 255.255.255.0
R7 (config-if) #no
shut
R7 (config) #int loo
1
R7 (config-if) #ip
add 172.70.1.1 255.255.255.0
R7 (config) #int loo
2
R7 (config-if) #ip
add 172.70.2.1 255.255.255.0
R7 (config) #int loo
3
R7 (config-if) #ip
add 172.70.3.1 255.255.255.0
R7 (config) #int loo
4
R7 (config-if) #ip
add 172.70.4.1 255.255.255.0
R7 (config) #int loo
5
R7 (config-if) #ip
add 172.70.5.1 255.255.255.0
R7#ping 192.168.6.1
R7#ping 192.168.6.1
Successful
ISP (config) #int
fa0/0
ISP (config-if) #ip
add 102.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ISP (config-if) #no
shut
ISP (config) #int
s0/0
ISP (config-if) #ip
add 101.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ISP (config-if) #no shut
OSPF Configuration
R1 (config) #int
fa0/0
R1 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 1
R1 (config) #int
s0/0
R1 (config-if) #ip os 100 area 1
R2 (config) #int
fa0/0
R2 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 1
R2 (config) #int
s0/0
R2 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 1
R2 (config) #int
s0/1
R2 (config-if) #ip os 100 area 0
R3 (config) #int
fa0/0
R3 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 0
R3 (config) #int
s0/0
R3 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 0
R3 (config) #int
s0/1
R3 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 0
R3 (config-if)
#router ei 100
R3 (config-router)
#no auto-summary
R3 (config-router) #network 192.168.6.0
R4 (config) #int
fa0/0
R4 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 2
R4 (config) #int
s0/0
R4 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 0
R4 (config) #int
s0/1
R4 (config-if) #ip os 100 area 2
R5 (config) #int
s0/0
R5 (config-if) #ip
os 100 area 2
R5 (config-if)
#router ei 200
R5 (config-router)
#no auto-summary
R5 (config-router)
#network 192.168.105.0
R5 (config-router) #network 192.168.5.0
R6 (config-if)
#router ei 200
R6 (config-router)
#no auto-summary
R6 (config-router) #network 0.0.0.0
R7 (config-if)
#router ei 200
R7 (config-router)
#no auto-summary
R7 (config-router) #network 0.0.0.0
R3#sh ip route
Now we want to communicate OSPF domain with
ei 100 domain.
For that we will perform here redistribution
R3 (config) #router
os 100
R3 (config-router)
#redistribute ei 100 subnets metric-type 1
R3 (config-router)
#router ei 100
R3 (config-router) #redistribute os 100
metric 1 1 1 1 1
We performed here two way of redistribution.
R1#ping 172.70.1.1
source fa0/0
Successful
R1#sh ip route os
Here we can see two types of routes
First is intra area (which belongs to its
area)
OIA means Inter area
E – External Area
Now our task is configure area 1 is as stub.
R1 (config) #router os 100
R1 (config-router) #area 1
stub
R2 (config) #router os 100
R2 (config-router) #area 1 stub
Requirements for stub area
1.
Virtual
links are not allowed
2.
Area
0 can’t be stub
3.
All
the routers must be agree that we are a part of stub area. If you are
configuring R1, that area 1 is stub so it is your duty you have to configure R2
that area 1 is stub, if you will not configure, neighborship will not
established.
R1#sh ip route os
R1#ping 172.70.1.1 source
fa0/0
Successful
R2 #sh ip route
It contains entire ospf routes.
Now we will see totally stub, it filters the
external routes and inter area routes, and places them as a default route.
R2 (config) #router os 100
R2 (config) #area 1 stub
no-summary
R1#sh ip route os
We can see small routing table here
R5#sh ip route os
R5 (config) #router os 100
R5 (config-router) #area 2
stub
R4 (config) #router os 100
R4 (config-router) #area 2
stub no-summary
R5#sh ip route os
R5#ping 192.168.101.1 source
s0/0
successful
Now we will perform redistribution on R5
R5 (config) #router os 100
R5 (config-router)
#redistribute ei 200 subnets metric-type 1
R5 (config) #router ei 200
R5 (config-router)
#redistribute os 100 metric 1 1 1 1 1
R3#sh ip route
Here we cannot see 172.60.0.0 routes
Now we will configure NSSA
First we need to remove this command here
R4 (config) #router os 100
R4 (config-router) #no area
2 stub
R5 (config) #router os 100
R5 (config-router) #no area
2 stub
If we will remove stub command totally stub
command will removed automatically.
R4 (config) #router os 100
R4 (config-router) #area 2
nssa
R5 (config) #router os 100
R5 (config-router) #area 2
nssa
R3#sh ip route
Here we can see
O E 1 – 172.60.1.0 to 5
R7#sh ip route ei
Here we can see this route 172.60.1.0 to 5
R4#sh ip route os
It contain 70 series here 172.70.0.0
R5#sh ip route os
It doesn’t contain the route of 172.70.0.0
R5#ping 172.70.1.1
not successful
Now we will configure Totally NSSA on R4
R4 (config) #router os 100
R4 (config-router) #area 2
nssa no-summary default-information-originate
R5#ping 172.70.1.1
successful
R6#ping 172.70.1.1
successful
R6#ping 172.70.1.1 source
fa0/0
successful
Now we will remove stub and totally stub from
area 1
R1 (config) #router os 100
R1 (config-router) #no area
1 stub
R2 (config) #router os 100
R2 (config-router) #no area
1 stub
Now here we will provide the internet access on all routers.
R3 is directly connected with the ISP router.
R3#ping 101.1.1.1
successful.
R3#ping 102.1.1.1 not
successful.
Now we will create default route on R3
towards ISP
R3 (config) #Ip route
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 101.1.1.1
R3#ping 102.1.1.1 successful
R3#ping 101.1.1.1 successful
Here R3 is able to communicate with the ISP
R3#ping 102.1.1.1 source
fa0/0
not successful.
R3 (config) #int s0/0
R3 (config-if) #ip nat
inside
R3 (config-if-nat) #int s0/1
R3 (config-if) #ip nat
inside
R3 (config-if-nat) #int s0/2
R3 (config-if) #ip nat
inside
R3 (config-if-nat) #int s0/3
R3 (config-if) #ip nat
outside
R3 (config-if-nat) #int f0/0
R3 (config-if) #ip nat
inside
R3 (config) #access-list 10
permit any
R3 (config-access) #ip nat
inside source list 10 int s0/3 overload
R3#ping 102.1.1.1 source
fa0/0 successful
R3#sh ip nat translation
Now we will provide the internet access to all areas.
R2#sh ip route
It hasn’t any default route so it can’t communicate with the
internet.
R3 (config) #router os 100
R3 (config-router) #default-information
originate always
R2 #sh ip route
Here we can see a default route O*E2
0.0.0.0/0
R1#piing 102.1.1.1 source
fa0/0 successful
R6#ping 102.1.1.1 source
loo1 successful
R7#ping 102.1.1.1 source
loo1 not successful
R7#sh ip route
It doesn’t contain default route
R3 (config) #ip
summary-address ei 100 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
R3#sh ip route
D* 0.0.0.0 / 0
Now we can see here default route.
R7#ping 102.1.1.1 source loo
1
successful
There are three ways to generate default
route in Eigrp
1.
Redistribution
2.
Summarization
3.
IP
default network.
Now here we will check LSAs.
R1#sh ip ospf database
- Router LSA
Router LSA contains router ID of a router. It is sent within an
area.
Router ID
(i)
Highest
Loop Back
(ii)
Highest
Up Physical int IP
(iii)
Router
ID
Here we can see two router ID
192.168.101.1
192.168.102.1
- Network LSA
It contains DR router ID and it is sent by DR.
DR & BDR are elected only in Broadcast and non-broadcast
multi-access network.
We have point to point link, so DR and BDR is not available.
We will make forcefully it broadcast segment via command.
R1 (config) #int s0/0
R1 (config-if) #ip os
network broadcast
R2 (config) #int s0/0
R2 (config-if) #ip os
network broadcast
R1#sh ip os neighbor
R1#debug ip os adj
R1#clear ip os process
Yes
R1#un all
We can see first is Down state. Attempt state only happens in
frame-realy. To check init we need to go on R2.
R2#debug ip os adj
R2#clear ip process
Yes
R2#un all
Here we can see init.
- Network LSA
Contain DR ID
For DR
(i) Highest router Priority
(ii) Highest router ID
Router 2 is DR here.
- Summary LSA
When a route of one area goes to another area they go as summary
SLA. It is sent by ABR.
Here R2 is ABR
- AS LSA
It contains ASBR router ID & it is sent by ABR
R3 is ASBR here
- External LSA
It contains External routes. It is sent by ASBR.
172.70 series sending R3
172.60 series sending R4
- Group Membership LSA – It is not supported by cisco.
- NSSA– It allows an ASBR to send external area through stub area to backbone area using LSA 7.
R5#sh ip os database
R4#sh ip os database
R3#sh ip os database
----
@NetwaxLab
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